Osteoking Promotes the Proliferation of BMSC through Activating TGF-β/Smad Signaling Pathway in Castrate Osteoporosis Rats / 昆明医科大学学报

Objective To study the effect of OK on the differentiation of bone marrow stromal stem cells (BMSCs) through the TGFβ/Smad signaling pathway in rats. Methods We removed the bilateral ovaries of rats to replicate OP model, and isolated and cultured BMSCs. BMSCs isolated from nomal rats were cultured as control group, BMSCs isolated from OP rats were divided into 5 groups, OP model group was regularly cultured, positive control group was treated with alendronate sodium (1 μmol/L), low, medium and high OK treatment group were treated with 50 mL/L, 100 mL/L and 200 ml/L OK respectively.After 24 h incubation, all cells were collected. The proliferation rate of BMSCs was determined by MTT method, and ELISA method was employed to detect the contents of bone formation markers, RT-qPCR was used to determine the m RNA expression level of TGFβ and the protein expression levels of TGFβ, p-Smad2/3 and of Smad2/3 were detected by Western blot. Results Compared with control group, the proliferation rate of the BMSCs in OP model group was reduced, concentrations of bone formation markers (OC, PINP and BALP) were reduced, m RNA and protein expression levels of TGFβ, as well as the phosphorylated level of Smad2/3 were downregulated.The difference was statistically significant (P＜0.05). After treatment with OK, compared with model group, all the above effects were ameliorated in different degree, a dose dependent manner was observed in OK treatment group, and the treatment effects of alendronate sodium (1 μmol/L), 100 mL/L and 200 mL/L OK group were statistically significant (P ＜0.05).Conclusion OK can promote the proliferation of osteoblasts by activating TGFβ/Smad signaling pathway to achieve the effect of treating postmenopausal OP.

Effects of HPGA suppression on predicted adult height in girls with central precocious puberty / 中国当代儿科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the relationship between the suppression of the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis (HPGA) and the predicted adult height (PAH) in girls with central precocious puberty (CPP) during the treatment with gonadotropin-releasing hormone analogue (GnRHa), in order to provide guidance for individualized GnRHa dose adjustment in clinical practice.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The clinical data of 75 CPP girls were collected, and then height, bone age (BA), uterine and ovarian volumes, and peak luteinizing hormone (LH), peak follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), and estradiol (E2) levels were recorded at different time points of GnRHa treatment. PAH at each time point was calculated. PAH improvement (ΔPAH=PAH-target height) and its relationship with the degree of HPGA suppression were analyzed. Threshold effect analysis was applied to determine the best HPGA suppression range forΔPAH.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>After GnRHa treatment, PAHs were improved markedly compared with the data in the early stage of treatment. ΔPAH showed a negative correlation with ΔBA. At 24 months of treatment, ΔPAH was also negatively correlated with LH. Uterine volume controlled between 2.3 and 3.0 mL, LH level controlled below 0.8 IU/L, and FSH controlled below 2.4 IU/L could slow down the growth of BA and improve PAH.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>GnRHa treatment can improve the PAH of CPP girls. Selection of an appropriate therapeutic dose for GnRHa to control uterine volume, LH and FSH levels within certain ranges can slow down the growth of BA and improve PAH.</p>

Magnetic resonance imaging features of vulnerable plaques in an atherosclerotic rabbit model / 中华医学杂志(英文版)

<p><b>BACKGROUND</b>Noninvasive detection of vulnerable plaque has a significant implication for prevention and treatment of atherosclerotic diseases. The aim of this study is to investigate the difference between vulnerable plaques and stable plaques in magnetic resonance (MR) images.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Atherosclerosis was induced in twenty male New Zealand white rabbits by high cholesterol diet and balloon injury of the abdominal aorta. After baseline (pre-triggering) MR imaging (MRI) scan, the rabbits underwent pharmaceutical triggering with Russell's viper venom and histamine to induce atherothrombosis, followed by another MRI scan 48 hours later (post-triggering). Rabbits were euthanized to obtain pathological and histological data. The results of MRI were compared with those of pathology and histology.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>MRI showed that abdominal aorta of the rabbits had pathological change of atherosclerosis in different degrees. Seventy-five plaques were analysed, among which 14 had vulnerable thrombi and 61 stable. Thrombosis was identified in 7 of 11 rabbits by post-triggering MRI, the sensitivity and K value of MR in detection of vulnerable plaque was 71% and 0.803 (P < 0.05). MRI data significantly correlated with the histopathological data in fibrous cap thickness (r = 0.749) plaque area (r = 0.853), lipid core area (r = 0.900). Compared with stable plaques, vulnerable plaques had a significantly thinner fibrous cap ((0.58 ± 0.27) mm vs. (0.95 ± 0.22) mm), larger lipid core area ((7.56 ± 2.78) mm(2) vs. (3.29 ± 1.75) mm(2)), and a higher ratio of lipid core area/plaque area ((55 ± 16)% vs. (27 ± 17)%), but plaque area was comparable in two groups on MRI. The ratio of lipid core area/plaque area was a strong predictor of vulnerable plaques.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>MRI could distinguish vulnerable plaques from stable plaques in a rabbit model of atherothrombosis and may thus be useful as a noninvasive modality for detection of vulnerable plaques in humans.</p>

Experimental Model of Acute Myocardial Infarction Induced by Ligation of Coronary Artery in Rabbits / 昆明医科大学学报

Objective an experimental animal model of acute myoc ardial infarction (ANI) was established by opening chest and ligation of the left anterior descending (LAD) coronary artery． Methods a total of 20 rabbits were opened chest and ligated LAD under sterilization． Electrocardiogram (ECG) and myocardial-enzymes in blood serum were investigated． Results ECG of all rabbi t s showed normal before operation． Irmediately after and 1/2 hour after ligation , ST-segment elevated and ECG showed ambulatory changes for 7 and 9 rabbits respectively． Two hours after LAD ligation, the change of ECG for 2 rabbits wa s not typical and 2 of them died during experiment． Four weeks after operation, E CG of 18 rabbits showed the chest leads had pathologic Q waves． Twenty-four ho urs after LAD ligation, AST, LDH, LDH-1, CK and CK-MB in blood serum were significantly increased． There was significant difference compared with before operation (except LDH) (P<0. 0l)． Conclusions:The method was sim ple and well repeated． The formation of myocardial infarction was reliable and rabbits were maintained for a long time after operation． It provides a valuable animal mode l for the experiment study of coronary heart disease．

Color echocardiography evaluating long-term effectiveness of closed mitral commissurotomy / 第二军医大学学报

A retrospective review of 47 patients underwent closed mitral commissurotomy(CMC) was conducted. It was revealed that the post-operative color echocardiography indices (MVA ,MVG,CO) were significantly improved compared with those of pre-operation (P8 had NYHA class Ⅰ-Ⅱ in 5 years(P